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Climatic conditions play a vital part in Bergamot cultivation. In fact, the tree can easily tolerate heat, but does not like sudden drops in temperature, or too much or too little rain. For this reason, the trees are always planted about four metres apart, and the side of the grove which faces the sea is sheltered behind a thick belt of pine or olive trees, protecting the orchard from the fierce winds which blow across the Straits of Messina throughout the year.